Getting beautiful results using this historic and dramatic decorative technique is a matter of understanding the properties of the materials used, and following a series of simple steps. Here's how.

1) Prepare the surface to create a smooth substrate. The surface can be plaster, wood, metal, etc. but it must be smooth and dust and residue free for best results.

2) Apply primers and finish base paint (usually a gloss or semi gloss finish). These materials must be compatible with each other and the sizing materials to follow.

3) Apply gold leaf size. The sizing adheres to the gloss or semi gloss painted surface. Acrylic and oil base sizes are available. Acrylic base sizes are typically used for heavier metals (Dutch metal, aluminum leaf); oil base sizes are typically used for gold leaf.

4) Apply gold leaf. Various colors, weights, and metals are available. Loose leaf is applied with a gilder's tip. Patent leaf comes with a waxed tissue backing and can be transferred to the surface by hand. NOTE: Precious metals are very expensive and delicate. Often, Dutch metal is used instead of 23K gold leaf because of its durability, luster, and affordability.

5) Carefully burnish off excess skewings (bits and flakes of material that have not adhered to the finish). Use a dry, sable hair brush, other soft bristle brush, or velvet cloth for this step.

6) Gently rub and smooth the gold surface to achieve a rich, high-luster. It takes a bit of practice to learn how much pressure to apply. Too much pressure can diminish the luster or remove the leaf altogether, so go easy.

This is a basic introduction to the gilding process and not meant as a comprehensive tutorial or specification.

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